配置Oracle（Linux或Windows）随系统启动-自动启动

一、Linux系统-方法1-rc.local方式

1、 修改oracle配置文件/etc/oratab：

mesorcl:/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1:Y

设置从N 修改为Y，允许启动

2.、在/etc/rc.d/rc.local中加入如下语句即可实现实例与系统一起启动：

su - oracle -c "lsnrctl start"
su - oracle -c "dbstart"

二、Linux系统-方法2：systemctl方式(Linux7)

1、 修改oracle配置文件/etc/oratab：

mesorcl:/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1:Y

2、 在/etc/init.d目录下新建oracle文件，

（1）创建oracle文件

vi /etc/init.d/oracle

#!/bin/sh
# chkconfig: 35 80 10
# description: Oracle auto start-stop script.

#
# Set ORA_HOME to be equivalent to the $ORACLE_HOME
# from which you wish to execute dbstart and dbshut;
#
# Set ORA_OWNER to the user id of the owner of the
# Oracle database in ORA_HOME.
ORA_HOME=/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
ORA_OWNER=oracle
#下面判断先去掉，开机启动时总是判断dbstart为非f文件。
#if [ ! -f $ORA_HOME/bin/dbstart ]
#then
#echo "Oracle startup: cannot start"
#exit
#fi
case "$1" in
'start')
# Start the Oracle databases:
echo "Starting Oracle Databases ... "
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle
date +" %T %a %D : Starting Oracle Databases as part of system up." >> /var/log/oracle
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle
su - $ORA_OWNER -c "$ORA_HOME/bin/dbstart" >>/var/log/oracle
echo "Done"

# Start the Listener:
echo "Starting Oracle Listeners ... "
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle
date +" %T %a %D : Starting Oracle Listeners as part of system up." >> /var/log/oracle
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle
su - $ORA_OWNER -c "$ORA_HOME/bin/lsnrctl start" >>/var/log/oracle
echo "Done."
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle
date +" %T %a %D : Finished." >> /var/log/oracle
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle
touch /var/lock/subsys/oracle
;;

'stop')
# Stop the Oracle Listener:
echo "Stoping Oracle Listeners ... "
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle
date +" %T %a %D : Stoping Oracle Listener as part of system down." >> /var/log/oracle
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle
su - $ORA_OWNER -c "$ORA_HOME/bin/lsnrctl stop" >>/var/log/oracle
echo "Done."
rm -f /var/lock/subsys/oracle

# Stop the Oracle Database:
echo "Stoping Oracle Databases ... "
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle
date +" %T %a %D : Stoping Oracle Databases as part of system down." >> /var/log/oracle
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle
su - $ORA_OWNER -c "$ORA_HOME/bin/dbshut" >>/var/log/oracle
echo "Done."
echo ""
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle
date +" %T %a %D : Finished." >> /var/log/oracle
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle
;;

'restart')
$0 stop
$0 start
;;
esac

ORA_HOME根据oracle实际安装路径进行修改。

（2）更改可执行权限

chmod +x /etc/init.d/oracle

3、配置oracle.service服务

（1）在/usr/lib/systemd/system创建oracle.service并编辑

vi  /usr/lib/systemd/system/oracle.service

增加如下内容：

[Unit]
Description=Oracle RDBMS
After=network.target
[Service]
ExecStart=/etc/init.d/oracle start
ExecStop=/etc/init.d/oracle stop
RemainAfterExit=yes

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

（3）配置权限为非全局可写（644）

chmod 644 /usr/lib/systemd/system/oracle.service

如果如执行，会报错：Please remove executable permission bits. Proceeding anyway.

（4）重新加载

systemctl daemon-reload

3、置开机自启动

systemctl enable oracle
systemctl start oracle （启动测试）
systemctl stop oracle （停止测试）

三、Linux系统-方法3：service方式(Linux6或7)

1、 修改oracle配置文件/etc/oratab：

mesorcl:/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1:Y

2、 在/etc/init.d目录下新建oracle文件，

（1）创建oracle文件

vi /etc/init.d/oracle

#!/bin/sh
# chkconfig: 35 80 10
# description: Oracle auto start-stop script.

#
# Set ORA_HOME to be equivalent to the $ORACLE_HOME
# from which you wish to execute dbstart and dbshut;
#
# Set ORA_OWNER to the user id of the owner of the
# Oracle database in ORA_HOME.
ORA_HOME=/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
ORA_OWNER=oracle
#下面判断先去掉，开机启动时总是判断dbstart为非f文件。 
#if [ ! -f $ORA_HOME/bin/dbstart ]
#then
#echo "Oracle startup: cannot start"
#exit
#fi
case "$1" in
'start')
# Start the Oracle databases:
echo "Starting Oracle Databases ... "
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle
date +" %T %a %D : Starting Oracle Databases as part of system up." >> /var/log/oracle
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle
su - $ORA_OWNER -c "$ORA_HOME/bin/dbstart" >>/var/log/oracle
echo "Done"

# Start the Listener:
echo "Starting Oracle Listeners ... "
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle
date +" %T %a %D : Starting Oracle Listeners as part of system up." >> /var/log/oracle
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle
su - $ORA_OWNER -c "$ORA_HOME/bin/lsnrctl start" >>/var/log/oracle
echo "Done."
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle
date +" %T %a %D : Finished." >> /var/log/oracle
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle
touch /var/lock/subsys/oracle
;;

'stop')
# Stop the Oracle Listener:
echo "Stoping Oracle Listeners ... "
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle
date +" %T %a %D : Stoping Oracle Listener as part of system down." >> /var/log/oracle
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle
su - $ORA_OWNER -c "$ORA_HOME/bin/lsnrctl stop" >>/var/log/oracle
echo "Done."
rm -f /var/lock/subsys/oracle

# Stop the Oracle Database:
echo "Stoping Oracle Databases ... "
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle
date +" %T %a %D : Stoping Oracle Databases as part of system down." >> /var/log/oracle
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle
su - $ORA_OWNER -c "$ORA_HOME/bin/dbshut" >>/var/log/oracle
echo "Done."
echo ""
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle
date +" %T %a %D : Finished." >> /var/log/oracle
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle
;;

'restart')
$0 stop
$0 start
;;
esac

ORA_HOME根据oracle实际安装路径进行修改。

（2）配置为可执行权限

chmod +x /etc/init.d/oracle

3、配置service服务自动启动服务

（1）添加服务

chkconfig --add oracle

（2）增加开启自动启动

 chkconfig --level 2345 oracle on

四、Oracle在Windows下随系统启动

1、安装后默认即为自动启动

如果要改为手动，可以选择手动即可。

2、此值默认（可以修改为实例不随oracle服务启动）

这个功能如果把服务和实例启动分开后，我们可以单独startup mount。

（1）打开Oracle菜单

（2）找到数据库

（3）数据库实例是否需要随服务启动

如果不勾选，则和linux下类似，sqlplus / as sysdba后是一个idle instance.

需要手动startup启动。